What wire gauge should I use?

For small figures (under 30 cm), 1.5-2 mm aluminium wire works well. For medium figures (30-60 cm), use 2-3 mm wire. For large figures, use 3 mm wire with supporting rods. Always double or triple wrap for structural members.

A single wire bends too easily under the weight of clay. Doubling (twisting two wires together) or tripling the main structural members (spine, legs) creates a rigid armature that holds its pose. Wrap tightly with pliers.

How do I attach the armature to a base?

Extend leg wires 5-10 cm below the feet and bend them at right angles. Drill holes in a wooden base and epoxy the wire ends in place. For heavy sculptures, bolt a metal flange to the base and weld the armature to it.

Can I fire clay with an armature inside?

No — metal armatures must be removed before firing. Build the sculpture, let it firm up to leather-hard, then carefully cut it open, remove the armature, rejoin and smooth. Air-dry clay can remain on the armature.

What proportions should I use for a figure?

The classical figure is 7.5 heads tall. The navel is at 4 heads, shoulders at 6.5 heads, fingertips at mid-thigh. These proportions scale to any size. Heroic figures use 8 heads tall.

ArtCalcs

Armature Calculator — Sculpture Wire Framework

Calculate wire and rod lengths needed for a sculpture armature.

Figure Height

Pose Type

Wire Gauge

How We Calculate This

How Armature Calculation Works

Total wire = (Spine + 2 Arms + 2 Legs + Head + Base) x Pose factor x 2

The calculator uses classical human proportions (7.5 heads tall) to determine limb lengths from the figure height. Pose type adds a multiplier for dynamic or reclining positions. Wire is doubled for structural strength.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify quantities before purchasing materials.